Finance sector in Norway

Norway has a strong, transparent and well-regulated financial system. It includes hundreds of financial institutions, such as banks, insurance companies, and investment firms. Many foreign banks and financial services also operate in Norway.  

Norway is also known for its well-developed insurance industry, especially in areas like: 

  • real estate
  • marine and shipping
  • transportation

Norway has a venture capital and private equity market, a Norwegian Venture Capital & Private Equity Assocation (NVCA), as well as incubators and accelerators to help new businesses grow. 

Most Norwegian investment funds focus on projects within Norway, the Nordic region and Europe. A smaller number of funds invest globally. 

One of the most notable parts of Norway’s financial system is it`s Sovereign Wealth Fund (officially the Government Pension Fund Global). Valued at over NOK 20 trillion (about CAD 3.5 trillion), it is one of the largest investment funds in the world. The fund is owned by the Norwegian state, managed by the Ministry of Finance, and administered by Norway’s central banking system.

About 3% of the fund’s investments are in Canada, mainly through equities and fixed-income products. It acts primarily as a fund of funds, meaning  it does not invest in individual companies directly through these methods. 

In 2019, NBIM announced its Renewable energy infrastructure fund. This invests in unlisted renewable energy assets with trusted partners and large values only. For example, individual investments range from around EUR 330 million to EUR 1.4 billion (CAD 530 million to CAD 2.5 billion) for less than a 50% stake in each investment project.

Key opportunities for Canadian companies in Norway

  • Canadian offices abroad: Canadian offices abroad have many reliable options for banking and services.
  • Large projects: There are opportunities for projects of sufficient size in pre-existing unlisted renewable energy assets. The fund takes limited development risk. 
  • Accelerators: Some accelerators are open to Canadian businesses.

Notable challenges for Canadian companies in Norway

  • Government Pension Fund Global: The fund does not invest directly in Canadian companies. Its portfolio focuses on equities, fixed income, and unlisted renewable energy assets that meet strict standards. It is therefore not suited to most companies, such as those raising venture capital through Series A, B, C, or D rounds.
  • Non-EU member: While closely aligned with the European Union (EU), Norway is not an EU member.
  • Strong competition: Canada faces significant competition from key players like the United States and European countries.

Industry highlights

Hundreds of institutions make up Norway’s stable, transparent and well-regulated financial sector 

NOK 20 trillion (CAD 3.5 trillion) in assets managed by Norway’s Government Pension Fund Global, one of the world’s largest investment funds

EUR 330 million to EUR 1.4 billion invested per project through Norway’s renewable energy infrastructure fund 

3% of investments from Norway’s Sovereign Wealth Fund are in Canadian equities and fixed income

Norway's business landscape

Norway is a member of the European Economic Area (EEA) and is also part of the Schengen area.  Canada and Norway enjoy close commercial relations. Bilateral trade benefits from the Canada-EFTA Free Trade Agreement (C-EFTA), a goods-only trade agreement that entered into force in 2009. 

Contact us

For more information on Finance in the Norway market, contact Trade Commissioner, Laura Dalby (laura.dalby@international.gc.ca).

Additional Information

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